More on Smoking and Fracture Healing: Does Nicotine Replacement Therapy Negatively Influence Fracture Healing?
نویسنده
چکیده
Cigarette smoking has been implicated in delayed fracture healing and fracture nonunion in human clinical studies as well as basic-science animal models. Nicotine has been frequently cited as the deleterious agent; however, in studies whose authors have examined the influence of nicotine on healing, negative results have appeared to be at least somewhat dose-dependent. The effects of nicotine on fracture healing with doses similar to those achieved with transdermal patches used for nicotine replacement have not been thoroughly evaluated.
منابع مشابه
The effect of smoking on fracture healing and on various orthopaedic procedures.
Ten percent of all fractures lead to problems with healing. Smoking is said to be a cause. There are 13.5 million smokers in the U.K. Healing of tibial fractures, for instance, requires two more months in smokers. Nicotine, carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide are most often seen as the offenders, among the 4000 chemicals found in cigarettes. Many studies plead for the negative effect of smokin...
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